Dear EarthTalk: What ever happened to the idea of turning Mt. St. Helens into a national park? - Esther Monaghan, Boston, MA
Advocates of making Mt. St. Helens into a national park say it would ensure a larger funding pool for visitor services and amenities and spur more visitation, which would in turn mean more business for struggling local communities.
Credit: iStockPhoto
Mt. St. Helens, one of the less prominent yet massive peaks of Washington State’s Cascade Range, made history on May 18, 1980 by erupting with the force of 500 atomic bombs, devastating 230 square miles of formerly verdant forest and killing 57 people. After considerable debate about what to do with the decimated landscape in the aftermath,Congress sided with scientists advocating it be left alone for research and education. In 1982 Congress created the 172-square-mile Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument to be managed by the U.S. Forest Service, which had already been overseeing the forests on the flanks of the mountain as part of the surrounding 1.3 million acre Gifford Pinchot National Forest.
But in 2007 federal budget cuts coupled with diminishing visitation led the Forest Service to close one of its two primary visitor centers at Mt. St. Helens and scale back on its interpretive and management services. At that point, representatives from surrounding communities and environmental groups and U.S. Senator Maria Cantwell came together in an effort to convince Congress to switch Mt. St. Helens over to a national park, which would ensure a larger funding pool for visitor services and amenities and ideally spur more visitation, which would in turn mean more business for struggling local communities.
Instead of pushing for national park status, however, Cantwell and her Congressional colleagues asked the Forest Service to detail how they plan to protect Mt. St. Helens while expanding visitor services and recreational opportunities. The Forest Service subsequently put into place a new plan which, with help from the recently formed Mt. St. Helens Institute, would expand services and explore new options for overnight visitation. Tourism has since grown, but many still want to see Mt. St. Helens a national park.
Indeed, recent research by Michigan State University shows that national parks are huge economic engines, pumping nearly $13 billion in economic activity into gateway communities while supporting 250,000 jobs. “For every dollar spent on national parks, four dollars are returned to the economies of gateway communities,” says Sean Smith, policy director for the National Parks Conservation Association. “More than seven million people visited Washington’s national parks last year alone and national parks nationwide received near record-breaking visitors, despite one of the toughest economies in decades.”
But perhaps more important, says Smith, is that Mt. St. Helens “is likely the most iconic American landscape currently not in the national park system[with] natural, cultural and historic wonders on par with other parks such as Olympic, Zion, and Crater Lake.” He adds that national park status would better protect Mt. St. Helens’ natural treasures from potential housing developments and even a proposed open pit gold mine that would be visible from the main visitor center and would decimate one of the most remote and pristine parts of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest adjacent to Mt. St. Helens’ lower flanks.
While the debate continues, Mt. St. Helens remains an amazing example of Mother Nature’s fury and her restorative powers. Whether it’s a national monument or a national park, it’s well worth a visit.
CONTACTS: Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, www.fs.usda.gov/mountsthelens; National Parks Conservation Association,www.npca.org; Mt. St. Helens Institute, www.mshinstitute.org.
But in 2007 federal budget cuts coupled with diminishing visitation led the Forest Service to close one of its two primary visitor centers at Mt. St. Helens and scale back on its interpretive and management services. At that point, representatives from surrounding communities and environmental groups and U.S. Senator Maria Cantwell came together in an effort to convince Congress to switch Mt. St. Helens over to a national park, which would ensure a larger funding pool for visitor services and amenities and ideally spur more visitation, which would in turn mean more business for struggling local communities.
Instead of pushing for national park status, however, Cantwell and her Congressional colleagues asked the Forest Service to detail how they plan to protect Mt. St. Helens while expanding visitor services and recreational opportunities. The Forest Service subsequently put into place a new plan which, with help from the recently formed Mt. St. Helens Institute, would expand services and explore new options for overnight visitation. Tourism has since grown, but many still want to see Mt. St. Helens a national park.
Indeed, recent research by Michigan State University shows that national parks are huge economic engines, pumping nearly $13 billion in economic activity into gateway communities while supporting 250,000 jobs. “For every dollar spent on national parks, four dollars are returned to the economies of gateway communities,” says Sean Smith, policy director for the National Parks Conservation Association. “More than seven million people visited Washington’s national parks last year alone and national parks nationwide received near record-breaking visitors, despite one of the toughest economies in decades.”
But perhaps more important, says Smith, is that Mt. St. Helens “is likely the most iconic American landscape currently not in the national park system[with] natural, cultural and historic wonders on par with other parks such as Olympic, Zion, and Crater Lake.” He adds that national park status would better protect Mt. St. Helens’ natural treasures from potential housing developments and even a proposed open pit gold mine that would be visible from the main visitor center and would decimate one of the most remote and pristine parts of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest adjacent to Mt. St. Helens’ lower flanks.
While the debate continues, Mt. St. Helens remains an amazing example of Mother Nature’s fury and her restorative powers. Whether it’s a national monument or a national park, it’s well worth a visit.
CONTACTS: Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, www.fs.usda.gov/mountsthelens; National Parks Conservation Association,www.npca.org; Mt. St. Helens Institute, www.mshinstitute.org.
In Spanish:
Querido DiálogoEcológico: ¿Que sucedió con la idea de convertir el Monte. St. Helens en un parque nacional? - Esther Monaghan, Boston, MA
Los partidarios de convertir el Monte St. Helens en parque nacional dicen que esto garantizaría una plataforma financiera más sólida para servicios de turistas y amenidades, estimulando más visitas, lo que a su vez significaría más comercio para las comunidades locales en apuros económicos.
El Monte St. Helens, uno de los picos más masivos pero aun menos prominentes de laCordillera de las Cascadas en el Estado de Washington, hizo historia el 18 de mayo de 1980 al eruptar con la fuerza de 500 bombas atómicas, devastando 230 millas cuadradas de bosque anteriormente verde y matando 57 personas. Después de considerable debate acerca de qué hacer con el paisaje diezmado, el Congreso adoptó el punto de vista de los científicos que recomiendan lo dejen tranquilo con fines de investigación y educación. En 1982 el Congreso creó el Monumento Volcánico Nacional del Monte St. Helens de 284 km cuadrados, a ser administrado por el Servicio Forestal de EEUU, que ya había estado supervisando los bosques en los flancos de la montaña como la parte del Bosque Nacional Gifford Pinchot de 526.000 hectáreas.
Pero en 2007 reducciones presupuestarias federales asociadas con menos visitas hizo que el Servicio Forestal cerrara uno de sus dos centros primarios para turistas en el Monte St. Helens y redujiera también sus servicios de interpretación y administración. En ese momento, los representantes de comunidades circundantes y grupos ambientales y la Senadora Maria Cantwell se unieron en un esfuerzo para convencer al Congreso para cambiar la clasificación de Monte St. Helens a parque nacional, lo que aseguraría una fórmula más grande de financiación para servicios de visitantes y amenidades e incitaría idealmente más turismo, lo que a su vez significaría más comercio para comunidades en apuros financieros.
Sin embargo, en vez de presionar por el estatus de parque nacional, Cantwell y sus colegas del Congreso pidieron al Servicio Forestal que detallase cómo planeaba proteger al Monte. St. Helens, al expandir al mismo tiempo su nivel de visitantes y oportunidades recreativas. El Servicio Forestal implementó subsiguientemente un nuevo plan que, con ayuda del recientemente formado Instituto del Monte St. Helens, expandiría servicios y exploraría nuevas opciones para visitas de noche. El turismo ha crecido desde entonces, pero muchos todavía quieren ver al Monte St. Helens como parque nacional.
En efecto, una investigación reciente por la Universidad Estatal de Michigan demuestra que los parques nacionales son motores económicos inmensos, inyectando casi $13 mil millones en la actividad económica de comunidades de entrada, y sosteniendo 250.000 empleos. "Por cada dólar gastado en los parques nacionales, se retornan cuatro dólares a las economías de las comunidades de ingreso," dice Sean Smith, director de políticas para la Asociación Nacional de Conservación de Parques. "Más de siete millones de personas visitaron los parques nacionales de Washington solamente el año pasado y los parques nacionales por todo el país recibieron una cifra récord de visitantes, a pesar de una de las economías más malas en décadas".
Pero quizás más importante, dice Smith, es que el Monte St. Helens "es probablemente el paisaje más icónico norteamericano actualmente fuera del sistema nacional de parque [con] maravillas naturales, culturales e históricas comparables a otros parques como el Olympic, Zion, y Crater Lake". Agrega que el estatus de parque nacional podría proteger los tesoros naturales del Monte St. Helens de urbanizaciones potenciales e incluso de una mina de oro abierta propuesta que sería visible del centro principal de visitantes y diezmaría una de las partes más remotas y prístinas del Bosque Nacional Gifford Pinchot adyacente a los flancos más bajos del Monte St. Helens.
Mientras continúa el debate, el Monte St. Helens sigue siendo un ejemplo asombroso de la furia de la Naturaleza y sus poderes reconstituyentes. Ya sea como monumento nacional o como parque nacional, bien vale una visita.